Publication Ethnic

This journal upholds the highest standards of publication ethics as outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All parties involved in the publication process—authors, editors, reviewers, and publishers—are expected to adhere to the principles of academic integrity as follows:

• Author Responsibilities: Authors must ensure that their submissions are original, free from plagiarism, and not under consideration or published elsewhere. Proper citation of sources is mandatory. For co-authored papers, each author’s contribution must be transparently disclosed.

• Editor Responsibilities: Editors are responsible for managing manuscripts objectively, without discrimination, and maintaining the confidentiality of unpublished content. Editors make publication decisions based on academic merit and relevance to the journal’s focus.

• Reviewer Responsibilities: Reviewers must provide honest, constructive, and timely feedback. They are required to keep the contents of manuscripts confidential and must not exploit the content for personal advantage.

• Conflict of Interest: All parties must disclose any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the evaluation process.

• Article Retraction and Correction: If ethical violations such as plagiarism or data manipulation are discovered, articles may be retracted or corrected following the journal’s procedures.

• Transparency and Open Access: This journal publishes all articles under an open-access model, supporting the responsible dissemination of scientific knowledge to the public.